MUMBAI, India, July 11 -- Intellectual Property India has published a patent application (202541060871 A) filed by Dr. Chanagala Shankar; Dr K. Sri Yogi; Dr. Ch. Sahyaja; and Dr. Chintala Balaji, Hyderabad, India, on June 25, for 'an adaptive layer-2 blockchain architecture with sharding and cross-chain micropayments for real-time iot data settlement.'

Inventor(s) include Dr. Chanagala Shankar; Dr K. Sri Yogi; Dr. Ch. Sahyaja; and Dr. Chintala Balaji.

The application for the patent was published on July 11, under issue no. 28/2025.

According to the abstract released by the Intellectual Property India: "An Adaptive Layer-2 Blockchain Architecture with Sharding and Cross-Chain Micropayments for Real-Time IoT Data Settlement ABSTRACT The invention relates to an adaptive Layer-2 blockchain architecture designed to enhance the scalability, transaction throughput, and privacy of Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The system dynamically partitions IoT devices into sharded sub-networks based on real-time criteria such as geographic location, data type, and transaction volume, with each shard operating independently using a lightweight delegated Proof-of-Stake (dPoS) protocol. The architecture features bidirectional off-chain micropayment channels, which allow IoT devices to make low-cost, high-frequency transactions without burdening the main blockchain. Data generated by IoT devices is encrypted, batched, and summarized using Merkle trees, with only the Merkle roots periodically committed to the blockchain for integrity verification. Additionally, the system incorporates zero-knowledge proof-based access control, ensuring privacy-preserving data access. This architecture overcomes scalability and cost challenges while providing a secure, privacy-preserving framework for real-time IoT data settlement and transaction processing at scale."

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